This chapter introduces the basics acoustics, like interference and
reverberation
YouTube: Architectural Acoustics:
Sound and Building Materials
Sound Absorption and Noise Reduction
Ray Tracing and Sound Reflection
Sound Moving in Room
Criteria in Acoustical Design
Liveliness
Intimacy
Fullness
Clarity
Warmth
Brilliance
Texture
Blend
Ensemble
Elbphilarmonie
Hamburg, a visually stunning concert hall has perfect acoustics.
Acoustics of a lecture
hall
Sound absorption coefficients:
| 125 Hz
| 500 Hz
| 2,000 Hz
|
Acoustic Panel (example)
| 0.16
| 0.50
| 0.80
|
Unpainted Brick** (18" thick wall)
| 0.02
| 0.03
| 0.05
|
Painted Brick** (18" thick wall)
| 0.01
| 0.02
| 0.02
|
Light Draperies
| 0.04
| 0.11
| 0.30
|
Heavy Draperies
| 0.10
| 0.50
| 0.82
|
Wood Floor
| 0.06
| 0.06
| 0.06
|
Carpeted Floor
| 0.11
| 0.37
| 0.27
|
Concrete Floor
| 0.01
| 0.02
| 0.02
|
Plaster
| 0.04
| 0.05
| 0.05
|
Wood Panel (pine)
| 0.10
| 0.10
| 0.10
|
Insulated Wood (rock)
| 0.35
| 0.63
| 0.83
|
Glass
| 0.04
| 0.05
| 0.05
|
*These values and table are taken from L.E.
Kinsler & A.R. Frey, Fundamentals
of Acoustics, 2nd edition (New York: John Wiley
& Sons, Inc., 1962),
p. 435.
The few exceptions are noted. (Reproduced with permission).
**L.L. Beranek. Acoustics (New York: McGraw-Hill
Book Co., 1954), pp.
300-301. This reference has a rather complete list of absorption
coefficients.
Problems in Acoustical Design
Several important acoustical problems must be avoided in the design
of auditoriums and other rooms. Many of these problems result from
improper architectural designs. The following are some of
the more serious ones.
Focusing
of sound
Echoes
Shadows
Resonances
External noise
|