The Physical Environment
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A

A horizon

accordant stream

actual evapotranspiration

advection Fog

afrotropical realm

air mass

air mass trajectory and temperature

air pressure

albedo

alfisol

alluvium

alpine tundra

altostratus

analysis

andisol

annual or seasonal temperature lag

Antarctic realm

antecedent stream

anticline

anticyclone

aquiclude

aquifer

Arctic tundra

arête

Aridisol

asthenosphere

atmosphere

atmospheric counter-radiation

australian realm

autumnal equinox

available water

average sea-level pressure

axial tilt

B

B horizon

back swamp

bar and swale topography

basal slip

batholith

bed load

bedding plane

biogeographical realm

biogeography

biome

biosphere

boreal forest (Northern Forest)

braided channel

brittle failure

broadleaf evergreen forest

bulk density

burial metamorphism

C

C horizon

calcification

calorie

capillary water

carbon cycle

carbon dioxide

carbon dioxide

carbonate

centripetal drainage pattern

change in soil moisture storage

change in soil moisture storage

chatter marks

chemical weathering

chemically precipitated sedimentary rock

chinook

circumpolar vortex

cirque

cirrostratus

cirrus cloud

clastic sedimentary rock

closed forest

closed system

cold ocean current

compressional wave

condensation nuclei

condensation 

conduction

confined flow

confined flow

contact metamorphism

continental drift

continentality

continuum of geography

convection

convergence

convergent boundary

core

Coriolis effect

country rock

cP air mass

creep

crevasse

cross-sectional area

crushing

crust

cumulonimbus

cumulus

cutoff

cyclone

D

daily temperature lag

Davisian Cycle of Erosion

decomposer

deficit

deficit

deflation

dendritic drainage pattern

depression storage

depression storage

deranged drainage pattern

desert biome

desertification

dew

diffuse Shortwave radiation

dike

dip slip fault

direct shortwave radiation

directed pressure

discharge

discordant stream

Divergence

drainage basin

drainage divide

drumlin

dry Adiabatic Rate

dry desert

dust dome

dynamic equilibrium

dynamic equilibrium theory

dynamothermal metamorphism

E

E horizon

earth flow

earth revolution

ebb current

ecology

ecosystem

elastic deformation

endogenic force

endogenic process

energy

Entisol

environmental lapse rate

equilibrium line

erosion

esker

Evaporation

evaporation

evaporation

evaporation

evapotranspiration

evapotranspiration

exogenic force

Exogenic process

exotic stream

exotic terrain

Explanation

F

fault

fault dip

fault line

fault Plane

fault scarp

field capacity

firn

First law of thermodynamics

first order relief feature

flood current

floodplain

flow velocity

fog

folding

foliated metamorphic rock

food chain

food web

Forest biome

Friction

Frontal Fog

G

Geographic Inquiry

Geography

glacial drift

glacial trough

glaciation

glacier

Gleization

graben

Granular structure

Grassland biome

gravity water

grooves

Ground heat transfer

ground moraine

groundwater

groundwater flow rate

groundwater flow rate

groundwater zone

gully erosion

H

habitat

hanging valley

Heat

High pressure

Histosol

horn

horst

Human Geography

Humidity

Humus

hydraulic gradient

hydraulic gradient

hydrograph

Hydrologic cycle

hydrologic cycle

Hydrosphere

hydrosphere

hygroscopic water

I

igneous rock

Inceptisol

Indomalayan realm

infiltration

Insolation

interception

interfluve

interlobate moraine

intermittent stream

internal deformation

Intertropical convergence zone

Inverted lapse rate of temperature (Inversion)

Inverted lapse rate of temperature (Inversion)

Isolated system

J

Jet Stream

K

kame

kettle

Kinetic Energy

knickpoint

L

laccolith

Land/Sea breeze

land/sea contrasts

latent energy

latent heat transfer

lateral moraine

laterization

lithosphere

lithostatic pressure

loess

longitudinal profile (stream)

longwave radiation

low pressure

M

magma

magnetic reversal

mantle

mantle convection currents

mature stage (stream)

mature stage (thunderstorm)

mass movement

material addition

material removal

material transformation

material translocation

meander

meander scar

meandering channel

medial moraine

Mediterranean Sclerophyllus Woodland

meridonal flow

Mesosphere

mesosphere

metamorphic rock

Methane

Methane

Midlatitude Broadleaf Deciduous and Mixed Forest

Midlatitude savanna (Parkland)

midocean ridge

mineral

Mixing ratio

Mollisol

Monsoon

moraine

Mountain/Valley wind

mP air mass

mT air mass

mud flow

N

natural levee

Nearctic realm

neck

negative feedback

Neotropical realm

net biomass productivity

net radiation

net shortwave radiation

niche

nimbostratus

nitrogen cycle

nonfoliated metamorphic rock

normal fault

Northeast tradewinds

Northern Coniferous forest

O

O horizon

oasis

Observation

Oceanian realm

old age stage (stream)

open forest

Open system

orbital shell

outwash plain

overturned fold

oxbow lake

oxide

Oxisol

oxygen cycle

Ozone

P

Palaearctic realm

Pangea

parallel drainage pattern

Parent material

Particulates

Particulates

Ped

peneplain

percolation

perennial stream

pH scale

Phase change

photosynthesis

Physical Geography

Physical weathering

plant succession

plastic deformation

plate boundary zone

plate tectonics

Platy structure

pluton

Podzolization

point bar

Polar easterlies

Polar high

polished bedrock

Positive feedback

Potential Energy

potential evapotranspiration

potential evapotranspiration

Prairie

precipitation

precipitation

precipitation

Prediction

Pressure gradient

primary producer

Principal Gases

Principal Gases

Q

quarry

R

radial drainage pattern

Radiation

Radiation Fog

rain splash erosion

recessional limb (hydrograph)

recessional moraine

rectangular drainage pattern

recumbent fold

regional metamorphism

Relative humidity

relief

respiration

reverse fault

rill erosion

Ring of fire

rising limb (hydrograph)

rock

rock cycle

rock fall

rock step

runoff

runoff

S

salinization

saltation

Santa Ana wind

saturated adiabatic rate

Saturation

Saturation vapor pressure

Savanna biome

sea-floor spreading

Second law of thermodynamics

second order relief feature

sediment

sedimentary rock

seepage

selective absorber

Sensible heat

Sensible heat transfer

shear strength

shear stress 

shear wave

sheet erosion

Shortwave radiation

Shrub desert

sial

silicate

sill 

sima

sinuosity ratio

slide

slump

Soil forming factors

Soil horizon

soil moisture recharge

soil moisture recharge

soil moisture storage

soil moisture storage

soil moisture utilization

soil moisture utilization

soil profile

soil structure

soil texture

soil water

solar constant

solution (dissolved) load

spatial science

specific heat

specific humidity

Spodosol

spreading boundary

Spring equinox

stable air

staircase lakes

steady-state equilibrium

steam Fog

steppe grassland

straight channel

strain

stratified drift

Stratosphere 

stratum

Stratus

stream (channel) slope ( gradient)

stream deposition

stream discharge

stream discharge

stream erosion

stream gradation

stream hydrograph

stream hydrograph

stream transportation

striations

strike

strike slip fault

subduction zone

subpolar low pressure

subsolar point

Subtropical high pressure

sulfide

Summer Solstice

sun angle

superimposed stream

surplus

surplus

suspended load

symmetrical fold

syncline

system

T

Taiga

tarn

tectonic plates

Temperate rain forest (Marine west coast forest)

temperature

terminal moraine

terrestrial longwave radiation

third order relief feature

Thorntree and tropical scrub

thrust fault

till

traction

transform boundary

transform fault

transpiration - atmospheric moisture

transpiration - water balance

transpiration - biogeography

trellis drainage pattern

tributary stream

tropic level

Tropical Monsoon/Seasonal Forest and Scrub

Tropical rain forest

Tropical savanna

Tropopause

Troposphere

Tundra biome

U

Ultisol 

unconfined flow

unstable air

upper-level easterlies

upper-level westerlies

upslope Fog

urban heat island

V

vapor pressure

variable gases

Vertisol

vesicles

W

warm ocean current

water balance

water table

Water Vapor

watershed

wavelength

Westerlies

wetted perimeter

wildlife corridors

wilting point

Wind

Winter Solstice

X

xerophyte

Y

youthful stage (stream)

Z

zonal flow

zone of ablation

zone of accumulation

zone of aeration

zone of saturation

 

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For Citation: Ritter, Michael E. The Physical Environment: an Introduction to Physical Geography.
Date visited.  https://www.earthonlinemedia.com/ebooks/tpe_3e/title_page.html

Michael Ritter (tpeauthor@mac.com)
Last revised 11/12/18

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